# reverse-over-reverse, only works for single arguments
def hvp_revrev(f, primals, tangents):
x, = primals
v, = tangents
return grad(lambda x: jnp.vdot(grad(f)(x), v))(x)
# forward-over-reverse
def hvp(f, primals, tangents):
return jvp(grad(f), primals, tangents)[1]
# reverse-over-forward
def hvp_revfwd(f, primals, tangents):
g = lambda primals: jvp(f, primals, tangents)[1]
return grad(g)(primals)